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The British Military Administration (BMA) was the interim administrator of British Malaya between the end of World War II and the establishment of the Malayan Union in 1946. The BMA was under the direct command of the Supreme Allied Commander South East Asia, Lord Louis Mountbatten. The administration had the dual function of maintaining basic subsistence during the period of reoccupation, and also of imposing the state structure upon which post-war imperial power would rest.〔F. S. V. Dommison, British Military Administration in the far East (London, 1956)〕 The BMA was established by virtue of Proclamation No. 1 (15 Aug 1945), the Supreme Allied Commander of Southeast Asia established the British Military Administration which assumed full judicial, legislative, executive and administrative powers and responsibilities and conclusive jurisdiction over all persons and property throughout such areas of Malaya which at this time included Singapore. Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten became the director of the administration in September 1945. Major-General Ralph Hone was given the post of Chief Civil Affairs Officer Malaya (C.C.A.O.(M)) responsible for the territory of Malaya.The C.C.A.O.(M) was responsible in administrating the civil population of the newly liberated Malaya, the direction of administrating the civil population must meet the requirements of military commanders.〔British Document On the End of Empire Vol.1, edited by S. R. Ashton. London: University of London Press, 1995.〕 By mid-1946, Malaya had been ruled by the returning British (BMA) for nearly two years. It had not been a very pleasant experience for anyone. The British in short could no longer automatically command the respect of the people of Malaya. Indeed, the Malays referred to the period of when the Japanese defeated the British as "the time the white man ran". Equally, while the British were clearly defeated by the Japanese in 1942, the British were not so clearly the victors in 1945 from the point of view of the Malays.The civil colonial government took over from the BMA in April 1946, the civil government was faced with picking up the pieces of what the BMA left behind. It can not be entirely the fault of the BMA as it was a much different organisation compared to the pre-War efficient administrative machinery. ==Proclamation No. 1== Proclamation No.1 is the document which legitimised the establishment of the BMA. The following lists the extent of the authority of the British Military Administration in Malaya.〔 The returning British felt by reason of military necessity and for the prevention and suppression of disorder, that a military administration should be first installed and not a civil one. Powers invested in the Supreme Allied Commander (SAC) in Southeast Asia: a)Assumption of powers and jurisdiction, SAC had full executive and administrative powers and responsibilities and conclusive jurisdiction persons and property such areas as are at any given time under the control of the forces under SAC command. b) Delegation, the SAC has in his authority to delegate however he see fit in accordance with the authority vested in his position. Delegated tasks must be fulfilled and completed in a reasonable time frame. c) Orders to be Obeyed, All persons including non-BMA personnel will obey all order given by the SAC or under the authority of the SAC. Existing laws to be respected a) All laws and customs existing immediately prior to the Japanese occupation will be respected. b)All rights and properties will be respected. Suspension of Courts a) All courts and tribunals, other than military courts established under the authority, were suspended and deprived of all authority and jurisdiction until authorised. b) Revocation of all Japanese military administration proclamations. As one can see the BMA and by extension the British Supreme Allied Commander has board sweeping authoritative power in Malaya. In so far there has not been any academic works to illustrate the Malayans had a formal channel to voice their views and/or dissatisfaction. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「British Military Administration (Malaya)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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